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原條文
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中文翻譯
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The Riga Charter on Authenticity and Historical Reconstruction in Relationship to Cultural Heritage
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里加文化資產真實性與歷史性重建關係憲章
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INTRODUCTION
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序言
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This charter has been created to guide decisions that will result in heritage railways being able to be enjoyed by future generations.
Heritage railways have been very successful in rescuing, restoring, preserving and operating historic equipment.
We hope that this charter will help everyone involved to see opportunities for making wise decisions.
It has been created to accompany the several other charters relating to Heritage conservation
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本憲章的擬訂，係為規範遺產鐵道可供後代所享有的有關決策。
遺產鐵道在歷史設施的搶救、修復、保存及營運已有相當成效。
我們期待此一憲章將有益於從事於此的每個人，都有機會作出明智的決策。
本憲章與有關遺產保存的其他憲章相輔相成。
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PURPOSE
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目的
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The Riga Charter is a statement of principles which guide the conservation, restoration, maintenance and repair and use of historic railway equipment, which is being operated. It is hoped that this will help our members make wise decisions.
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里加憲章是規範保護、修復、維護、修繕及運用那些具歷史性及營運中的鐵道設施之原則性條文，盼能幫助會員們作出明智之決策。
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DEFINITIONS
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定義
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Heritage Railways referred to in this Charter, may also include historic or preserved railways, museum railways and tramways, working railway and tram museums and tourist railways, and may extend to heritage trains operating on the national network and other railways.
Railway Equipment referred to in this Charter may include buildings or infrastructure which form part of the railway ensemble.
Preservation is the process of keeping an object safe from harm and decomposition, by maintaining it properly so that its condition, quality and memory is retained.
Conservation is the process of stabilising the condition of an object without compromising the historical or material evidence in any way.
Restoration is the process of repairing or replacing missing parts in an attempt to regain an earlier state of the object. The restoration may increase the strength of the object before work started, and may
generally go further than conservation. It should neither be invisible or glaringly obvious.
Repair is the process of adjustment or replacement of the components. The specified standard of mechanical condition is achieved irrespective of the historic integrity of parts that may be altered or discarded.
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本憲章所指的遺產鐵道，包含具歷史性或保存的鐵道、博物館形式的鐵道和電車軌道、營運中的鐵道和電車博物館以及旅遊鐵道，甚至亦包括在全國路網以及其他路線上營運的遺產火車。
本憲章所指的鐵道設施，包含了構成整體鐵道中任何部分的建築物或基礎設施。
保存，意指適當的維護某一物件，維持其既有狀態、品相與情感記憶，免於受到破壞、拆解的保全過程。
維護，意指不與歷史上或材料上之證據以外的任何方式有所妥協，據以穩定某一物件狀態的過程。
修復，意指將物件恢復為較早期的狀態而修繕或置換佚失部分的過程。修復可能會增加原物件的強度，而且可能超出維護的原旨，此種改變應可辨識，但不宜過於凸顯。
修繕，意指調整或置換部品的過程。為了達成機械條件的特定標準，歷史上完整性的某部分，可能有所更替或捨棄。
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Article 1
Scientific and technical skills, together with the facilities needed to preserve and operate historic railway equipment, within a culture of safety, should be used to safeguard railway heritage.
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第1條
保存及營運歷史性鐵道設施，應該在安全的文化下，利用科學上及技術上的技能與設備，保護鐵道遺產。
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Article 2
The aim of preserving and restoring historic railway items and associated working practices is to safeguard them, whether they are significant technological artefacts, evidence for transport history or a means of perpetuating traditional skills.
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第2條
欲保存之歷史性鐵道物件及其附屬作業，無論是否明顯為技術上的遺蹟、交通史上的證物或延續傳統技藝的方法，均應列為保存與修復之對象。
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Article 3
Maintenance of all aspects of their equipment, and operation on a regular basis is essential for the survival of heritage railways. Operating historic and valuable railway equipment with traditional operating procedures, and presenting it to the public, is an important means of interpreting that material.
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第3條
上述鐵道設施之維護與保持規律的營運，對於遺產鐵道的永續存活是必要的。以傳統操作程序營運具有價值的歷史鐵道設施，並對公眾展現，是詮釋此一資產的重要方式。
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Article 4
Identifying socially useful purposes for historic railway items will help facilitate their preservation, but such use should involve the minimum change necessary, and such changes should be fully reversible.
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第4條
界定出歷史鐵道對社會有用的貢獻，將有助於促進其保存，惟類此運用可能涉及不可避免的微小改變，然而此類改變應屬完全可逆。
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Article 5
A heritage railway should reflect not only the importance of its own role as a transport system, but also when appropriate, its own historic origins and its impact on the community.
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第5條
遺產鐵道不應只反映它在交通系統上的角色，並應盡可能地呈現其歷史淵源，以及對社會的影響力。
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Article 6
The process of restoration is a highly specialised operation. Its aim is to preserve and reveal the aesthetic, functional and historic value of traditional railway equipment. It should be based on respect and an understanding wherever possible of the original designs and specifications.
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第6條
修復的過程極為專業，其目標是為了保存與彰顯傳統鐵道設施在美學上，功能上，以及歷史上的價值。修復工作應盡量尊重與瞭解原始設計及其規格。
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Article 7
The original or historically correct materials and techniques should be used in the conservation of historic railway items, unless they can no longer be adopted for reasons of safety, legislation or availability. In such cases appropriate contemporary substitutes for such materials or techniques should be used.
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第7條
若非安全因素、法律限制，或已無法取得，應使用原始或歷史上正確的材料與技術以維護歷史鐵道物件。但在無可避免之情況下，可適當使用當代的替代材料與技術。
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Article 8
The restoration of a piece of historic railway equipment does not require that it must be restored to its original as built state. Some equipment acquires its historic importance later on in its working life. Restoration to any period should be executed only after thorough consideration of historic records, and availabledocumentation covering the chosen period, after which a restoration plan should be written and adopted. Material that is replaced with new should be readily identified as such with a simple permanent marking system.
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第8條
一件歷史鐵道設施並不一定需要修復至初造當時的狀態。使用期間所留下之痕跡反而可能更具有歷史價值。對任一時期的復原，只能在審慎評估歷史紀錄及涵蓋該時期的文件後，經描述及認可方得以進行修復。新置換的材料應以簡單永久的標示方式使其易於辨識。
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Article 9
Added mandatory safety equipment should if possible blend harmoniously with the conserved or restored item but the fact that it is an addition or alteration to the original make-up of the item should be clearly indicated.
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第9條
若依法規定必須強制加裝某些安全設施，亦應與被修復之物件和諧共存，然而必須清楚標示此為新增或替換的物件。
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Article 10
Any other necessary later modifications to the item that are introduced for whatever reason should be as sympathetic as possible to the makeup and appearance of the original item. Ideally any such modification should be reversible and any significant original parts removed should be retained for possible future re-use.
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第10條
任何必須之後續修改項目，應盡可能與原物件外觀融合。最好任何此類修改均應具可逆性，而且從原件移取下來的任一顯要部分，也應妥予保留以備未來可能的使用。
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Article 11
Every stage in the conservation or restoration work on a historic railway item should be systematically planned and recorded. The resultant record of these processes retained for a minimum of the life of the item.
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第11條
對歷史鐵道物件維護或修復作業的每一步驟，均應有系統性的規劃與記錄。此項過程的竣工記錄保存期限應超出該物件之壽年。
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Article 12
All bodies involved in the repair, restoration, maintenance, conservation and operation of heritage railways and railway equipment, must make proper arrangements for the conservation of their records and archives.
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第12條
有關於修繕、修復、保養、維護和操作遺產鐵道及鐵道設施的所有參與者之工作紀錄和檔案文獻，均應妥善保存。
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